Liver diseases mostly cause jaundice and increase the level of bilirubin in body, which is formed from the breakup of dead red blood cells. Liver cleans the blood by removing the dead red blood cells from the body through bile.
Some common symptoms of liver problems are itching, dark urine, vomiting blood, irritation, confusion, grey stools and tendency to get bruised easily.
1. Hepatitis: It is caused by virus infection and the diseases causes inflammation in liver. The condition can also be caused by the poison in substances such as alcohol. Hepatitis can be caused due to hereditary reasons or autoimmunity. There are other forms of hepatitis, which is not caused by alcohol and it is called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and it is caused by excessive fat in liver.
2. Cirrhosis: It is a condition, in which the dead cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissues.
3. Gilbert's syndrome: It is caused by the disorder of bilirubin and it is mostly genetic.
4. Primary sclerosing cholangitis and Primary biliary cirrhosis: Both the diseases are caused by the inflammation of bile duct.
5. Wilson's disease: It is a problem in which, the liver stores copper and this is also a hereditary problem.
6. Haemochromatosis: It is a condition where the liver is damaged due to excessive accumulation of iron in liver, mainly caused by hereditary reasons.
7. Liver cancer: It is called hepatocellular carcinoma and it can be caused from other parts of the body.
Gallbladder stores bile needed for digestion of fat. The most common diseases of gall bladder are: Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis.
Gallstones are solid stone like structures which are formed from cholesterol, calcium and bile salt. It can be some millimetre in size and sometimes, the stones are large enough to block the duct, which results in pain and in extreme cases, it requires removal of the gallbladder. The blockage may cause pain but sometimes, there are no symptoms of gall stones.
Risks
1. People having gallstones problem in relatives.
2. Women taking contraceptive pills and oestrogen.
3. Obesity
4. People suffering from chronic intestinal problems such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.
Symptoms
1. Discomfort after taking food.
2. Irritable bowel movement (IBD) is one of the prime symptoms of the gall bladder diseases.
3. Jaundice, fever and nausea
Gallstones affect about twenty five percent of women in America below the age of sixty years, and fifty percent of women are affected above the age of seventy five years. The problem is rare in children. Pigment gall stones are common form of gall bladder stones found in people from Asian descendent. The problem is linked to cirrhosis and it can be found in people, who suffer from haemolytic anaemia.
It mainly affects females because the female hormone estragon starts the process of removal of cholesterol from blood, which is later diverted into the bile. Pregnant women are advised to take contraceptive having low estrogens level to reduce gallstone risk.
