Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) is a problem, in which, the intestinal muscles in the colon and the small intestine, get red and swollen, due to some kind of infections or immunity disorder. There are mainly two types of IBD: Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's diseases.
IDB is a kind of idiopathic disease because there is no particular reason for it, and doctors consider it to be a condition caused by irregular functioning of body's immune system that causes inflammation in the intestinal lining and the damage leads to abdominal pain and diarrhoea. The immune reaction can be caused by any substance such a cow's milk or some kind of proteins.
Ulcerative colitis: It is a kind of inflammation of small and large intestine that affects the colon and the intestine may have ulcers and sores due to ulcerative colitis.
Symptoms
1. Patient may suffer from rectal bleeding, weight loss, cramps, fever and it affects more females than males.
2. The inflammation of intestine can cause internal bleeding, pain and diarrhoea.
3. The problem can cause colon cancer, if it stays untreated for many years and it may cause inflammation in eyes, skin, spine and joints.
Causes
1. The patient may suffer from auto immune disorder and the problem has been linked to the presence of p-antineutrophil cytoplasmic anti-bodies.
2. Smoking
3. Genetic causes such as presence of chromosomes 12 and 16 has been linked to the problem.
Crohn's disease: It is a kind of intestinal infection, which can affect the gastrointestinal tract of the patient starting from mouth to anus, and it may form ulcers inside the intestine. The bowel movement is obstructed either by a narrowed passage or by some kind of muscular obstruction. Sometimes, the condition may include tiny fissures called anal fissures, which are painful sores.
Children suffering from Crohn's diseases may have a delayed development.
Symptoms of Crohn's diseases
1. The inflammation to the intestines may cause abdominal pain, diarrhoea, weight loss, vomiting, and skin inflammation, inflammation to eyes or arthritis.
2. It can affect other parts of the body including skin, blood and joints. The complete endocrine system may be affected and different types of skin lesions are common in this disease. Skin lesions such as erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum can be seen.
3. Thinning of bone, deformities in fingers and osteoporosis can also be caused.
4. The patient may even suffer from neurological problems such as seizures, headache, strokes and depression.
Risk factor
1. Crohn's disease effects male and female equally.
2. Researchers are trying to link the genetic factor it to this disease.
3. Environmental factor can cause this problem.
4. Infection of microbes and bacterial infection can cause Crohn's disease. The microbes benefit from the weak mucos of the inner intestinal wall, but a direct link of microbes to the diseases has not been established.
5. Abnormalities in immune system can involve Crohn's diseases.
6. Smokers are at a risk of developing this problem.
7. It has also been termed "region ileitis", because it has been affecting many people in one specified area.
